FEECO has been serving the agriculture industry since 1951 through cus-tom processing equipment, process design and feasibility testing, and improved approaches to fertilizer granulation, including the production of ammonium sulfate products. We offer complete process solutions for the production of ammonium sulfate utilizing a pipe reactor.
The production of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from phosphogypsum is studied. The phosphogypsum is considered by product from extraction process of sulphoric acid. The mereseberg process is used a waste of phosphogypsum with ammonium carbonate to produce ammonium sulfate as a main product and calcium carbonate as a byproduct. …
Gypsum is calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4 2H2O), a white or gray naturally occurring mineral. Raw gypsum ore is processed into a variety of products such as a portland cement additive, soil conditioner, industrial and building plasters, and gypsum wallboard. To produce plasters or wallboard, gypsum must be partially dehydrated or calcined to …
The present invention relates to a recycling method for producing, to a high purity of at least 95%, calcite and ammonium sulphate generated by means of a carbonation reaction for fixing carbon dioxide inside the crystal structure of a mineral, and, in the present invention, waste gypsum is reacted with carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, such that the …
In addition, the feasibility of using the raffinate after extracting scandium to leaching red gypsum to obtain calcium sulfate product was validated, and the ammonium jarosite precipitation process recovered the iron resources. At the same time, the harmlessness treatment of acid wastewater and red gypsum can be realized.
Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate is used as a fertilizer because it supplies nitrogen and sulfur for plant nutrients. It can be obtained by three processes: as recovery from coke oven, a by-product from caprolactum….
This study explores various potential substitutes for gypsum in the production of compost for white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). During compost preparation, calcium sulfate (CaSO4) was replaced with calcium carbonate (CaCO3), ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), and monocalcium phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2). …
Generally, gypsum solubility decreases with increasing temperature. On the other hand, during the reaction between NH 4 OH and CO 2, the heat from the ammonium carbonate formation exothermicity increased the temperature in the phosphogypsum conversion reactor contents by 35 °C [ 25 ], thereby significantly reducing the solubility …
The above reaction produces comparatively pure ammonium sulfate which can be commercially used. In contrast, the calcium carbonate product consisted of a mixture of the thermodynamically unstable vaterite and …
Furthermore, in the direct carbonation of by-product gypsum, a highly pure sulfate salt can be obtained through crystallization using the difference in solubility with CaCO 3 (Equation (1)) [ 26, 27 ]. A stoichiometric excess NH 3 and CO 2 react to form an ammonium compound.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of CS and ammonium sulfate (AS) rates on the soil pH, EC, and exchangeable cations in a salt-affected agricultural soil.
Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been calculated and used to estimate a market price for the product. The average market price of granular ammonium sulfate ($138/ton) exceeds the rough …
Ammonium sulfate is an ideal salt for the fractionation of enzymes owing to its high solubility, low toxicity to enzymes, and low cost and serves as a preservative. As the saturation of the salt increases, different enzyme proteins precipitate from solution and can be recovered. In order to ensure an efficient precipitation, a minimal ...
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum is the main product of the desulfurization system used to remove SO x from coal combustion products. One established utilization of waste gypsum has been the production of the fertilizer ammonium sulfate [1], [2], [3].
Natural gypsum fulfills the demands of the cement industries and is used by farmers as a direct fertilizer for reconditioning of alkaline solids for reducing alkalinity and improving crop production. The present study aims to synthesize ammonium sulfate from low-grade naturally occurring gypsum found in Rajasthan, India.
FGD-gypsum from Abbott power plant was used. The scrubber, a Chiyoda Thoroughbred 121 FGD, produced a filter cake (98.36% gypsum and < 0.01% CaSO {sub 3}). Conversion of FGD- gypsum to ammonium sulfate was tested at 60-70 {degree}C for 5-6 hr. Yield up to 82% and purity up to 95% were achieved for the ammonium sulfate …
Filtrate circulation was used to leach desulfurization gypsum, and the filtrate after recycling was used to recover ammonium sulfate by evaporation crystallization ( Eq. (2–3 )).
The chemical gypsum-to-ammonium sulfate reaction slurry concentration, waste heat recovery and waste ammonia recovery method has the characteristics of simple technology, low energy consumption, low cost, full utilization of the ammonia gas, energy saving, and substantial reduction of the industrial pollution.
After biomass filtration, LA is recovered through sulfuric acid addition, producing equivalent amounts of low-value gypsum (calcium sulfate), which represents a problem of its own due to the environmental impact and cost for its disposal.
Crystals can be made from pure ammonia and pure sulphuric acid using reactive crystallization or produced by evaporative crystallization of a dilute ammonium sulfate stream (i.e. using a by-product from caprolactam production, coking, sulphuric acid gas scrubbing, nickel / cobalt production or recovery of waste nickel).
An object of this invention is to provide an improved process for the manufacture of `ammonium sulfate. 1. Another object of this invention is to provid a process for the manufacture of amoniumkr sulfate and calcium carbonate. Still another object is to provide an improvement in the Merseberg process for making ammonium sulfate by the …
Ammonium Sulfate is an inorganic sulphate salt and white odorless solid. It is a highly water-soluble substance and contains 21% nitrogen and 24% sulfur. It can synthesize in the laboratory by reacting ammonia with sulfuric acid. Ammonium sulfate can also manufacture by gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O).
The objectives of this study were to (a) assess the effects of annual applications of ammonium sulfate fertilizer through fertigation (FERT) and broadcast (BROAD) on nutrient leaching losses and (b) determine the links among chemical property changes in leachates and soil with berry yields after 9 and 11 years of blueberry production.
The goal of this project was to assess the technical and economic feasibility of producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced as part of limestone FGD processes.
lfate feeds sulfur and nitrogen to the soil. With its colloidal components, the fertilizer binds to clay particles in the soil, ensuring a long-term supply of nutrients. Ammonium sulfate is thus perfect for plants with a long growth period and in areas with high rainfall. In addition to acting as a long-term plant nutri-ent, the sulfur also promotes …
FGD-gypsum from Abbott power plant was used. The scrubber, a Chiyoda Thoroughbred 121 FGD, produced a filter cake (98.36% gypsum and < 0.01% CaSO {sub 3}). Conversion of FGD- gypsum to ammonium sulfate was tested at 60-70 {degree}C for 5-6 hr. Yield up to 82% and purity up to 95% were achieved for the ammonium sulfate …
Integrated process for potassium sulfate and a mixture Of ammonium chloride/potassium sulfate salts production. Relatively pure and coarse crystalline potassium sulfate of about 52 wt % K2O ...
Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate is used as a fertilizer because it supplies nitrogen and sulfur for plant nutrients. It can be obtained by three processes: as recovery from coke oven, a …
Goal is to assess technical and economic feasibility for producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced in limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). This is the 1st year of a 2-year program among Illinois State Geological Survey, University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), Allied-Signal, Marketing Chem. Process Inc., …
