The iron ore sintering process was simulated and computational domain was the same as the configuration of a sinter pot as shown in Fig. 1. Entrance of the sinter pot was defined as a velocity inlet. The magnitude of velocity was obtained from the experimental gas-flow rate [7]. The bottom of the sinter pot was set to be pressure …
An iron ore sintering process is the first procedure of steel-making industry. It produces sinter for feeding into the blast furnace (BF). Empirical experiences show that a 1% decrease of iron grade (TFe) in produced sinter turns into a 2% increase of BF fuel ratio and a 3% decrease of BF output (Wang, 2011). So, the TFe is an important quality ...
Steel making using the integrated blast furnace (BF) process route is still the dominant steel production method covering 70% of worldwide steel production and iron ore sintering is one of the most important iron sources within this process, which represent 70–80% of charged iron-bearing materials into modern BF [].Inside this route, …
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there …
In a sinter plant design, iron ore, coke, and limestone are transformed into "sinter" clumps, making raw iron ore usable for iron production. This process involves mixing and …
The sintering process, depicted in Figure 1, involves the application of heat to fine iron ore particles, transforming them into coarser grains [16]. Firstly, various raw materials, including iron ...
The sintering process consists of the passage of a heat and reaction front through a packed bed of solids. En general, the objective is to attain a temperature wave passing …
Abstract. Iron ore sintering is an energy-intensive process associated with emission of pollutants in iron and steel industry. In order to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impacts of sintering, a detailed life cycle assessment of a sintering plant was conducted. Life cycle inventory showed that, in the production of 1 t sinter ore ...
The steps involved in the iron ore sintering process is shown in Fig. 1.Various raw materials used in sintering viz. iron ore fines, fluxes, solid fuel and steel plant reverts are blended in a specific proportion as per the desired chemical composition of sinter and stockpiled in an open yard.
Intensification of the iron ore sintering process is approached with a four-way framework covering granulation improvement, waste gas recycling, fuel gas injection into the sinter bed, and reduction of stack emissions. Various metallurgical wastes are granulated to form micro pellets and are dosed along with the feed to cut down the cost.
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is first described to identify the key ...
The iron ore sintering process has the capability to handle and utilize complex raw materials, allowing for the reasonable utilization of zinc extraction residue. The addition of zinc extractant has been found to improve the sintering index, metallurgical properties, and gaseous pollutant emissions without significant negative effects. ...
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process (1300-1480°C, Eisele and Kawatra, 2003) of a mixture of iron ore mineral fines (0.5-8 mm), by-products of the iron and steelmaking industry, fluxes ...
A mathematical model of the iron ore sintering process in a fixed sinter bed and optimisation of the process parameters using real valued genetic algorithm is described. The mathematical model is formulated based on mass and energy balances in gas and solid phases, which are represented by simple partial differential equations. The …
The sintering process is a thermal agglomeration process, and it is accompanied by chemical reactions. In this process, a mixture of iron ore fines, flux, …
The iron ore production has significantly expanded in recent years, owing to increasing steel demands in developing countries. However, the content of iron in ore deposits has deteriorated and low-grade iron ore has been processed. The fines resulting from the concentration process must be agglomerated for use in iron and steelmaking. …
The production of blast furnace ironmaking depends on large part on the sintering of iron ore; thus, it is crucial to model, simulate, and optimise the sintering …
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process, and its main raw materials are iron ore, returning sinter ore, fluxes, and coke (Fernández-González, Ruiz-Bustinza, Mochón, González-Gasca, & Verdeja, 2017). The high energy consumption and serious pollution associated with the sintering process have always been an important concern …
Sintering is a widely used method to agglomerate iron -containing fine-grained. materials. In sintering the ore fines, concentrates, fluxes, and c oke breeze are thoroughly. weighed, moistened ...
Sintering is a process of agglomeration of iron ore fines, fluxes, recycled products, slag-forming elements, and coke with the purpose of achieving an …
Coke breeze is the main heat source in sintering process. Its combustion yields enough amounts of heat which melts the sinter mix. One of the factors that significantly affect the course of coke breeze combustion is its grain size [1,2,3].It is known that fine-grained coke reduces permeability of the sinter mix and the use of coke breeze …
Thermal state of iron ore sintering in iron and steel production cannot be revealed straightforward, which. is unfavorable for field operations. In this paper, the soft-measuring models were ...
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts fine-sized raw materials, including iron ore, …
The sintering process can be defined as a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slag-forming agents, and solid fuel (coke) with the objective of obtaining a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical) to be fed to the …
The drawbacks of the conventional iron ore sintering process, such as the heat shortage in upper bed and excess heat in lower bed, were therefore improved, which was also proven to promote the ...
Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Compared with pellets, production of sinter …
Mathematical modelling of iron ore sintering process using genetic algorithm B. K. Giri and G. G. Roy* A mathematical model of the iron ore sintering process in a fixed sinter bed and optimisation of the process …
Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia.
