History of Slag Usage. Blast Furnace Slag has been used in Canada as a road and plant base material since the early 1900's. Steel Slag was originally used in the 1970's and and consisted of premium surface …
They were synthesized by mixing the aluminosilicate with solutions of sodium metasilicate and KOH followed by adding 45 wt.% of ground-granulated blast furnace slag. The influence of the aluminosilicate source, its activation temperature, and the order of mixing raw materials were studied on the workability of the blending paste, the ...
Deposits of old blast-furnace slag are an environmental problem. The slag's hardness is an important for calculation of the energy cost for crushing and grinding process. Due to its porosity, measurement of the (macro) hardness is. To adapt the dimensions of the indentations to the character of the slag, it is necessary to apply loads in the range of …
One of the major environmental problems in hot and arid locations is the production of dust. This study presents green slurries based on nanoclay—and blast furnace slag for stabilizing desert sands. The slurries introduced contain bentonite and kaolinite mineral nanoclays, along with blast furnace slag powder. Unconfined …
The chemical composition of the Ti-bearing blast furnace slag is shown in Table S1. (Supporting Information 1), where the Ti content in the Ti-bearing blast furnace slag was 13.46 wt.%, which was dispersedly distributed in the perovskite, diopside and glass phases, as indicated from the XRD pattern, SEM images and EDS data in Figs. …
Diopside-based glass-ceramics are successfully produced by recycling blast furnace slag and fluorite tailing with the addition of supplementary elements such as TiO2, Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 as nucleation …
casting shows lower hardness compared to slag castings ... and Fe2O3. The major constituents of industrial wastes such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, ferrochrome slag, stone dust, and red mud ...
Fig 1 Blast furnace slag and its processing. BF slag is sometimes erroneously classified, and often looked upon, as industrial waste material. In actual fact, this by-product is valuable and extremely versatile construction material. ... Hardness (measured by Moh's scale of mineral hardness)* 5-6: 5: California Bearing Ratio (CBR), …
We prepared four slabs using blast furnace slag powder of various percentages i.e. 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%), for first slab preparation blast furnace slag is 0%, so only epoxy and hardener mixture is placed in between the two successive layers. ... Test is performed for all the specimens of different weight fractions of GGBF slag. …
The electric arc furnace slag aggregates showed tendency to expand, which is related to the presence of certain volumetrically ... hardness, and stability, and it can be used as a substitute for traditional gravel in road backfilling. ... However, Chen et al. (2019a) found that using a 25% granulated blast furnace slag as a replacement of OPC ...
12.1. Introduction. Blast furnace slag (BFS) which is defined "as the non-metallic product consisting essentially of silicates and alumina silicates of calcium and other bases, that is developed in a molten condition simultaneously with iron in a blast furnace" by ASTM C 125-16 (2016) has been widely used in construction industry for more than …
The white Portland cement, the blast furnace slag and the mixtures that contained 50% and 70% slag had whiteness index values of 82.2%, 77.1%, 79.8% and 78.6%, respectively. The coarse aggregate consisted of 19-mm maximum size basalt with a specific gravity of 2.5 and a fineness modulus of 6.87.
The SEM study shows that blast furnace slag and B 4 C have excellent interfacial bonding inside a matrix. The reinforced composite particles with 3 wt% B 4 C and 7.5 wt% blast furnace slag improve the wear resistance and hardness of the Al metal matrix and other composites. With an increase in reinforcement from 0 to 10 %, the …
Molten blast furnace slag, which is rapidly quenched from the furnace, air-cools slowly to form (GBFS). Where this granulated slag is further processed or ground, the product is referred to as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). Approximately 300kg of slag are produced for each tonne of iron. The furnace operates on a continuous daily ...
Slag has a MOHS hardness value of 6 compared to granite 4 and limestone 3. Its hardness makes it more durable. Slag offers a driveway with fatigue resistance, deformation resistance, and binder compatibility. ... Air-Cooled Blast Furnace Slag:- Air-cooled blast furnaces are granular, roughly cubical, and have textures. It is cooled …
Ground granulated blast furnace slag is widely used with its characteristics of cost-effective, green effect, hydraulic property as raw material for cement, civil engineering works, fertilizer and so on. Raw material for Cement. The largest demand for blast furnace slag is cement. Ground granulated blast furnace slag has potential …
A typical blast furnace slag is produced at the rate of 300–400 kg per tonne of liquid iron produced in India. ... The results of micro-hardness are shown in Figure 8 b, and it is evident that the hardness value of EOF steel slag aggregate HCP is greater than that of natural coarse aggregate. It is inferred that the hardened cement paste gets ...
These different types are referred to as furnace or tap slag, raker slag, synthetic or ladle slags, and pit or cleanout slag. Figure 18-1 presents a diagram of the general flow and production of different slags in a modern steel plant. The steel slag produced during the primary stage of steel production is referred to as furnace slag or …
In blast-furnace cement mortar (abbreviated as "blast-furnace mortar"), in which cement is replaced by blast-furnace slag fine powder, less Ca(OH) 2 is produced as the cement content reduces. Therefore, we are conceivable that Vickers hardness will reduce as in ordinary mortar with accelerated carbonation.
Furnace slag (or ground granulated blast furnace slag, GGBFS) is the granular material formed during the processing of iron blast furnace slag generated from steel manufacturing. ... and a gravel-like geometry of diverse grading with rough contours, and high hardness and porosity indices. Both LFS and EAFS are of a stony nature, hard, …
On the other hand, the Fe 2 O 3 content contributes to hardness and grindability of a slag; for instance, the BOFS, DSS, ... Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a coproduct of the pig iron production and has been widely used in various applications for many decades. Two types of BFS are generated from steel plants: (1) air-cooled BFS …
In this study, the drying shrinkage and crack reduction characteristics of blast furnace slag concrete mixed with expansive and swelling admixtures were investigated. Basic performance experiments ...
Alkali activation of dehydroxylated kaolin or clay yielded high-strength polymeric materials, so-called geopolymers. They were synthesized by mixing the aluminosilicate with solutions of sodium metasilicate and KOH followed by adding 45 wt.% of ground-granulated blast furnace slag. The influence of the aluminosilicate source, its …
Therefore, this research aims to investigate the potential of using granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) in controlling the swelling of fine particles of fresh basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS). A series of laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the engineering properties, swelling, and shear behavior of BOFS-GBFS mixtures to identify ...
en coke particles in the lower zone of an iron making blast furnace. Slag pellets were melted at 1500°C in c. ke or coke analogue funnels feeding into channels of known diameter. It was determined that t. ere is a minimum channel diameter needed to allow free flow of slag. For the slag/coke system.
Molten titanium-containing blast furnace slag can be used to obtain cast stone materials by controlling a reasonable heat treatment system. The material acquired during this process showcases residual stress, which additionally impacts the macroscopic characteristics of the material. This article simulates the process of manufacturing …
One of these materials is the " blast furnace slag ". So, what happens is you reduce the amount of cement; instead of using cement, now we can use less amounts. The equation for example turns …
Water-cooled slag accounts for about 70–80% of generated blast furnace slag; the rest is air-cooled slag. Blast furnace slag has a chemical composition similar to that of conventional construction materials such as cement and natural aggregate, and its stability allows for recycling into various forms, including cement replacement, admixture ...
Blast furnace slag is a good industrial waste product for the manufacturing of the glass–ceramic . Ferrochrome slag used in CO 2 mould has similar surface finish to silica sand mould [16, 17]. Mould hardness increases with the use of blast furnace slag in CO 2 mould . Therefore, in the present investigation, ferrochrome slag is used in green ...
The values of mandrel indentation hardness (MIH) for the building stones were obtained between 31.75 and 113.85 kgf/mm 2, and the values of Vickers hardness (HV) were obtained between 286.11 and ...
Almost all granulated blast furnace slag (e.g., cooled with high-pressure sprays of water) is used in concrete mixes or in blended cements as a partial substitute for Portland cement . In addition to construction use, ferrous slag also has various environmental applications. ... Hardness, with values ranging from 27 to 1340 mg CaCO …
Blast furnace slag is a by product and using it as aggregates in. concrete will might prove an economical and environmentally. friendly solution in local region. The demand for aggregates is. increasing rapidly and so as the demand of concrete. Thus, it is. becoming more important to find suitable alternatives for.
Equipment for the systems for the slag granulation has been described. The granulator spray-head and transport chute The water quantities for the spray head are approximately as follows: Lower ...
The main chemical components of the blast furnace slag are CaO, SiO 2, MgO, and Al 2 O 3, which account for about 90% of the total slag and contain less harmful impurities [1,2]. This is an ideal raw material for decorative glass-ceramics of the CaO–SiO 2 –MgO–Al 2 O 3 system, and also an effective economic way to increase value added to ...
